Introduction (Hair loss reasons in males and females)
Hair loss of 50-100 hairs each day is normal as part of the hair restoration process. Most people, however, will have extreme hair loss at some point in their lives. Medication, radiation, chemotherapy, chemical exposure, hormonal and dietary variables, thyroid disease, generalised or localised skin disease, and stress are all possible causes.
Many of these factors are transient, while others are permanent. These are a few of the most common causes of hair thinning.
Hormonal Activity
This is the most common reason for hair loss in both men and women. Hair loss in men usually concentrates in a certain pattern from the front to the crown. Women’s hair tends to thin all over their heads, with no discernible pattern. The androgen DHT, or Dihydrotestosterone, is responsible for this form of hair loss. Because everyone’s bodies manufacture DHT, but only some people experience hair loss, there must be another component at play. Another issue is having follicles with a higher number of androgen receptors for DHT to bind to. This is the part that is passed down across the generations. Antiandrogens, or medications that block the production of DHT, are now the most effective preventative therapies. In the future, gene therapy may be able to change the genes to prevent DHT from affecting the follicles.
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Childbirth
Many women lose their hair after pregnancy as a result of many hairs entering the resting (telogen) phase at the same time. Some women will see enormous amounts of hair coming out of their brushes and combs two to three months after giving birth. This can persist anywhere from one to six months, although it usually goes away on its own. Hormonal changes that occur after a woman’s body heals from her pregnancy produce this illness.
Pills for birth control
Taking birth control pills can help women with a genetic susceptibility to androgenic alopecia develop the condition at a younger age. Androgenic alopecia develops as a result of hormonal changes that occur. If a woman’s family has a history of female pattern loss, she should tell her doctor before starting the pill. Two to three months after stopping the pill, the woman may notice that her hair is starting to fall out. This can last up to six months before stopping. In other situations, the procedure is irreversible, and the woman may not be able to recover some of her hair.
INFLUENCES OF DISEASE OR ILLNESS
Because the follicle is so sensitive, it reacts to any imbalances in the body. The majority of hair loss caused by disease or illness is transitory and returns to normal once the body has recovered.
Fever, infection, and the flu are all symptoms of a severe case of the flu.
Hair loss can occur one to three months after a high fever, severe infection, or flu. However, this is usually transient and corrects itself.
Thyroid illness is a condition that affects the thyroid gland.
Hair loss can be caused by both an overactive and an underactive thyroid. Laboratory testing might be used by your doctor to diagnose thyroid illness. Thyroid disease-related hair loss can be reversed with the right medication.
Dietary deficiency
Protein deficiency can occur in those who follow low-protein diets or have highly aberrant eating patterns. To conserve protein, the body puts growing hair into a dormant state. Massive volumes of hair loss can occur two to three months later if this occurs. If the hair can be easily pulled out by the roots, this is an indication. Eating the right quantity of protein can help to reverse and avoid this illness. Maintaining an adequate protein intake is critical when dieting.
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Medications
In a small percentage of people, some prescription medicines can cause temporary hair loss. Some of the pharmaceuticals used for gout, arthritis, depression, cardiac problems, high blood pressure, or blood thinners are examples of such drugs. Hair shedding can also be caused by high amounts of vitamin A.
Treatments for cancer
Chemotherapy and radiation treatment hinder hair cells from dividing, resulting in hair loss. As they leave the scalp, hairs thin out and fall off. One to three weeks after the treatment, this happens. Up to 90% of a patient’s scalp hair can be lost. Patients may choose to get wigs before therapy because their hair will regenerate following treatment. Some medications are now being developed to aid in the prevention of hair loss.
Iron deficiency in the blood
Hair loss can occur as a result of an iron shortage. Some people don’t get enough iron in their diets, or they don’t absorb it completely. Iron deficiency can occur in women who have heavy menstrual periods. Laboratory testing can detect low iron levels, which can be treated with iron tablets.
Major surgery or a long-term sickness
Anyone who has had a major operation, which is a huge shock to the system, may experience an increase in hair shedding one to three months later. The issue usually resolves within a few months, although people who suffer from a severe chronic illness may continue to shed hair continuously. Hair transplant surgery can result in extra hair loss, or "shock fallout," which is a little-known truth. Hairs lost as a result of shock fallout rarely regenerate.
Alopecia Areata is a kind of alopecia
The immune system is thought to cause this sort of hair loss by reacting to hair follicles as if they were antibodies and shutting them down. Hair loss is usually limited to a coin-sized area when all of the hair is removed, leaving a completely smooth circular spot. Alopecia Totalis is a more severe and rarer disorder in which every hair on the body is lost, including the eyelashes. Topical remedies, a special type of light treatment, and, in some situations, pharmaceuticals are used as treatments.
The scalp is infected with fungus (ringworm)
Ringworm (which has nothing to do with worms) begins as little areas of scaling that can spread and cause damaged hair, redness, swelling, and even leaking. This contagious disease is most common in young people, and it can be cured with oral treatment.
Stress(Hair loss stress)
Some people are prone to hair loss. Hair loss usually happens 3 months after a stressful incident, and hair growth may not restart for another 3 months after the stress period has passed. If the person is not predisposed to genetic or androgenic alopecia, the effects are usually transient; however, if they are, stress may precipitate the onset of genetic hair loss or worsen existing androgenic hair loss.
HAIR LOSS IS CAUSED BY MECHANICAL DAMAGE
Hair damage can be self-inflicted, either intentionally or unintentionally. Some people who are under a lot of stress pluck their hair out till it falls out. Hairstyling techniques such as bleaching, braiding, and straightening can potentially cause damage and hair loss.
Trichotillomania
Often known as "hair pulling," it is a condition in which people pull their hair out.Pulling or twisting one’s hair is a common pastime for certain youngsters and adults. This could be a symptom of a behavioural issue or an unintentional poor habit. The continual tension on the hair can result in irreversible hair loss if the activity is not stopped. To solve this problem, it is best to seek the assistance of a mental health specialist.
Treatments for Hair Styling
Chemical treatments such as dyes, tints, bleaches, straighteners, relaxers, and permanent waves are used by many people to alter the appearance of their hair. It’s unlikely to cause any damage if everything is done correctly and with trustworthy products. If any of these chemicals are applied too frequently, hair can become fragile and break. If the solution is kept on for too long, two procedures are performed on the same day, or bleach is put on previously bleached hair, the hair can break. Some chemical relaxers do include strong chemicals, and chemical burns from these products have resulted in permanent hair loss in some people. Only choose trained hairstylists, and if you’re doing it yourself, make sure you use reputed products and follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
Hair Braids and Weaves
Many black women and some black men braid or wear weaves in their hair. These aren’t a concern under regular circumstances. However, if the weave is excessively tight or the braids are wrapped too tightly, the hair follicle is constantly strained. Permanent hair loss can occur if this is done for a lengthy period of time. Traction Alopecia areata is a type of alopecia that affects those who braid or weave their hair. Make sure the person braiding or weaving your hair is qualified to do so, and avoid wearing braids or weaves for long periods of time.
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